Temperature.

In physics, temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold; something that feels hotter generally has the higher temperature. Temperature is one of the principal parameters of thermodynamics. If no heat flow occurs between two objects, the objects have the same temperature; otherwise heat flows from the hotter object to the colder object. This is the content of the zeroth law of thermodynamics. On the microscopic scale, temperature can be defined as the average energy in each degree of freedom in the particles in a system. Because temperature is a statistical property, a system must contain a few particles for the question as to its temperature to make any sense.

The temperature practicly show us the heat of bodys,the difference between the clod and hot things.

Temperature is measured with thermometers that may be calibrated to a variety of temperature scales. In most of the world (except for Belize, Myanmar, Liberia and the United States), the Celsius scale is used for most temperature measuring purposes.

Thermometer.

An instrument used to measure temperature. There are many types of thermometers; the most common consist of a closed, graduated glass tube in which a liquid expands or contracts as the temperature increases or decreases. Other types of thermometers work by detecting changes in the volume or pressure of an enclosed gas or by registering thermoelectric changes in a conductor (such as a thermistor or thermocouple).

Types of thermometers.

primary thermometers the measured property of matter is known so well that temperature can be calculated without any unknown quantities. Examples of these are thermometers based on the equation of state of a gas, on the velocity of sound in a gas, on the thermal noise (see Johnson–Nyquist noise) voltage or current of an electrical resistor, and on the angular anisotropy of gamma ray emission of certain radioactive nuclei in a magnetic field. Primary thermometers are relatively complex.

Secondary thermometers are most widely used because of their convenience. Also, they are often much more sensitive than primary ones. For secondary thermometers knowledge of the measured property is not sufficient to allow direct calculation of temperature. They have to be calibrated against a primary thermometer at least at one temperature or at a number of fixed temperatures. Such fixed points, for example, triple points and superconducting transitions, occur reproducibly at the same temperature.

Types of burns

Burns are generally put into three categories. These classes are first, second and third degree burns. The burn category indicates the severity of the burn along with the amount of body area.

FIRST DEGREE BURNS

The first-degree burn usually produces a pink to reddish color on the burned skin. Mild swelling, tenderness and pain are also symptoms of a first-degree burn. This is the least serious type of burn and involves only the upper layer of skin, the epidermis. For these minor burns, the victim should cool with plain water and use non-prescription antibiotic creams. These burns usually heal on their own within a few days with little or no scarring. However, if a first-degree burn is over a large area of the body, seek emergency medical attention. Also, if an infant or elderly person suffers any type of burn, even minor, obtain medical assistance promptly.

SECOND DEGREE BURNS

Second-degree burns involve the epidermis and the second skin layer, the dermis. The epidermis is destroyed and burned-through in a second-degree burn. There are the same symptoms of pain and swelling but the skin color is usually a bright red and blisters are produced. Usually second-degree burns produce scarring. Second degree burns may take from one to three weeks to heal but are considered minor if they cover no more than 15% of the total body area in adults and 10% body area in children. These burns require medical attention and medication to heal properly. Call for immediate medical help as soon as the burn occurs and do not apply any type of butter or greasy substance to the burn. This can hamper cooling of the burn area and also do further damage. Consult medical personnel about whether or not to administer fluids to victim before arriving at a hospital.

THIRD DEGREE BURNS
The third-degree burn may appear charred or have patches which appear white, brown or black. Both the dermis and epidermis are destroyed and other organs, tissues and bones may also be involved. Third-degree burns are considered the most serious. They produce deep scars that many times require cosmetic or reconstructive surgery and skin grafts. Pain may or may not be present since usually nerve endings which transmit pain have been destroyed in this type burn.

Heat.

In physics and thermodynamics, heat is the process of energy transfer from one body or system to another due to a difference in temperature. In thermodynamics, the quantity TdS is used as a representative measure of the (inexact) heat differential δQ, which is the absolute temperature of an object multiplied by the differential quantity of a system's entropy measured at the boundary of the object.
A related term is thermal energy, loosely defined as the energy of a body that increases with its temperature. Heat is also loosely referred to as thermal energy, although many definitions require this thermal energy to actually be in the process of movement between one body and another to be technically called heat (otherwise, many sources prefer to continue to refer to the static quantity as "thermal energy"). Heat is also known as "Energy".

So we can say that the heat is one kind of energy named by differents forms.

HEAT TRANMISSION.

Heat transmission is a process by which heat flows from a region of higher temperature to region of lower temperature. This may take place via one or more media of transmission. There can be three possible ways of heat transmission: conduction, radiation and convection.
Heat is a form of energy that is said to be in transit, that is, constantly flowing in order to stabilize the temperatures in the surrounding. It raises the temperature of the substance which is at a lower temperature and lowers the temperature of the substance which is at a higher temperature. Heat can flow from a lower to a higher temperature only if active work is involved in the heat transfer.

Methods of heat tranmissionr

Conduction.
Conduction is a form of heat transfer between bodies or within a body. Such a form of heat transmission requires physical contact between bodies or portions of bodies exchanging heat. Heat energy is transferred across molecules having higher energy to those with lower energy in order to bring about equilibrium. Such a form of heat transmission can be observed in a metal spoon being heated at the handle after being dipped in a bowl of hot water.

Radiation.
The phenomenon of radiation does not require contact or the presence of any matter between the bodies involved in heat exchange. Heat is transmitted by infrared radiation, which is part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The heat from the sun is transmitted to the Earth and other planets in this manner.

Convection.
Heat transmission by convection takes place by virtue of the motion of molecules of a gas or a liquid. This happens when the liquid or gas is in contact with a solid body which is at a lower or a higher temperature. Such a form of heat transmission is seen in centrally cooled rooms.

Sound.

En física, sonido es cualquier fenómeno que involucre la propagación en forma de ondas elásticas audibles o casi audibles, generalmente a través de un fluido (u otro medio elástico) que este generando movimiento vibratorio de un cuerpo.
El sonido humanamente audible consiste en ondas sonoras consistentes en oscilaciones de la presión del aire, que son convertidas en ondas mecánicas en el oído humano y percibidas por el cerebro. La propagación del sonido es similar en los fluidos, donde el sonido toma la forma de fluctuaciones de presión. En los cuerpos sólidos la propagación del sonido involucra variaciones del estado tensional del medio.
La propagación del sonido involucra transporte de energía sin transporte de materia, en forma de ondas mecánicas que se propagan a través de la materia sólida, líquida o gaseosa.

EXplicasion de Wikipedia.

Podemos decir en palabras mas simples que el Sonido es una propagacion de energia por medio de ondas audibles,sin transportar materia.

Clasificacion de sonidos:

se establece una clasificación de los sonidos, que por su indeseabilidad son considerados
como ruidos, de acuerdo a su presentación temporal y conforme a su estructura de componentes
Esta clasificación se emplea para establecer una diferenciación de las diversas formas de energía acústica,
consideradas como ruido, que al ser emitidas por una fuente fija o móvil casan contaminación del ambiente.
De esta manera pueden ser simplificados los diversos métodos de medición y de control de la mencionada
contaminación ambiental por ruidos, en su descripción y aplicación.
2. REFERENCIAS
2.1. DGN-C-92 "TERMINOLOGIA DE MATERIALES AISLANTES".
2.2. DGN-J-149 "TERMINOLOGIA DE ELECTROACUSTICA".
3. TERMINOLOGIA
3.1. Banda de espectro
Es el ámbito e intervalo cerrado de frecuencias, cuyos límites superior o inferior están determinados por las
frecuencias de aquellas componentes cuyo nivel de presión acústico excede 10 dB sobre el nivel de
referencia de 20m Pa
3.2. Diagrama espectro-temporal de ruido.
Es una representación funcional enmarcada en una referencia ortogonal de tres dimensiones, de los niveles
de presión acústica de todas las frecuencias de un ruido, respecto al tiempo transcurrido desde su emisión.
Las dimensiones de este diagrama son frecuencia-tiempo-nivel de presión acústica.
3.3. Diagrama temporal.
Es una representación funcional enmarcada en una referencia ortogonal, de los máximos niveles de presión
acústica de un ruido, respecto al tiempo transcurrido desde su emisión. Las dimensiones de este diagrama
son tiempo-nivel de presión acústica.
3.4. Espectro de banda amplia.
Es el espectro cuya banda tiene un diámetro mayor o igual a 1/3 del ámbito de audio frecuencia,
considerado éste en escala logarítmica, siendo su valor medio cualquier frecuencia dentro de dicho ámbito.
3.5. Espectro de banda angosta.
Es el espectro cuya banda tiene un diámetro menor a 1/3 del ámbito de audio frecuencia, considerado éste
en escala logarítmica, siendo su valor medio cualquier frecuencia dentro de dicho ámbito.
3.6. Espectro continuo
Es aquel que presenta un número infinito de componentes dentro de su banda.
3.7. Espectro gaussiano.
Es aquel cuyas componentes presentan una distribución estadística normal de sus niveles de presión
acústica respecto a la frecuencia, es decir muestran una función dada por la fórmula.